Various Authors (2016) Process evaluation of the national sanitation campaign of Tanzania

Despite continuous financial efforts to improve the conditions in the country, Tanzania was off track to meet both the MDGs target on water and sanitation and the national MKUKUTA goals. Whilst the country reached a high level of latrine coverage (90%) during the Mtu ni Afya campaign of the 1970s, very little progress has been made since then to move the population up the sanitation […]

Hunga, W. (2016) Financing sanitation for low-income urban communities Lessons from CCODE and the Federation in Malawi

Like many other countries in the Global South, Malawi has failed to meet Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets to improve access to sanitation. It has been estimated that only 25 percent of the country’s population has gained Access to improved sanitation since 1990 and access to it is a meagre 41 per cent, according to the latest Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) Report (2015). By utilising […]

Cronin, A. A. et al. (2016) Association of safe disposal of child feces and reported diarrhea in Indonesia Need for stronger focus on a neglected risk

Indonesia still faces several challenges in the areas of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). Diarrhea remains a major killer of children and it is important to understand the local diarrhea transmission pathways to prioritise appropriate WASH interventions to reduce diarrhea burden. This study used a cross-sectional data set from a recent national household survey (the 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey) to examine the associations […]

Cole, B. (2013) Participatory design development for sanitation Frontiers of CLTS: Innovations and Insights Issue 1

IDS has been working in support of Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) since its beginnings. CLTS has now become an international movement for which IDS is the recognised knowledge hub. The Knowledge Hub is dedicated to understanding the on-the-ground realities of CLTS practice and to learn about, share and promote good practices, ideas and innovations that lead to sustainability and scale. We seek to keep the […]

Burt, Z., Nelson, K., Ray, I. (2016) Towards gender equality through sanitation access Discussion paper

This discussion paper reviews the extensive literature on sanitation to show that inadequate access to this basic service prevents the realization of a range of human rights and of gender equality. We recognize that “dignity” is a highly culture- and gender-specific term; we therefore argue that sanitation for all—sanitation that serves all genders equally—must be designed and planned explicitly for the unique needs of women […]

UNICEF (2012) Raising even more clean hands Advancing health, learning and equity through WASH in schools

Fulfilling every child’s right to water, sanitation and hygiene education remains a major challenge for policymakers, school administrators and communities in many countries. Although steady progress has been made to safeguard the well-being of schoolchildren, almost half of all schools in low-income countries still lack access to water and sanitation facilities. The lack of quality data on WASH in Schools coverage is a significant barrier to […]

USAID (2014) WASH-Friendly schools A training resource for SPLASH use

The WASHplus project supports healthy households and communities by creating and delivering interventions that lead to improvements in access, practices, and health outcomes related to water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and indoor air pollution (IAP). This five year project (2010-2015), funded through USAID’s Bureau for Global Health (AID-OAA-A-10-00040) and led by FHI 360 in partnership with CARE and Winrock International, uses at-scale programming as […]

Dreibelbis, R. et al. (2016) Behavior change without behavior change communication: Nudging handwashing among primary school students in Bangladesh

Behavior change communication for improving handwashing with soap can be labor and resource intensive, yet quality results are difficult to achieve. Nudges are environmental cues engaging unconscious decision-making processes to prompt behavior change. In this proof-of-concept study, we developed an inexpensive set of nudges to encourage handwashing with soap after toilet use in two primary schools in rural Bangladesh. We completed direct observation of behaviors […]

Various authors (2015) Water is life – Omeya ogo omwenyo CuveWaters report

The Cuvelai-Etosha Basin in Namibia is home to approximately 850,000 people – almost half the country’s population. They all need good and healthy water for their daily life, for farming and for sanitation purposes. The Namibian Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry, together with the Institute for Social-Ecological Research and the Technical […]

Ndounla, J., Schoebitz, L. Sonko, E.M., Strande, L. (2015) SFD Report - Bignona, Senegal SFD Promotion Initiative

Bignona and Tenghory Trans-Gambian are in the region of Casamance, Senegal. The study area is comprised of seven districts (six in Bignona, one is the neighboring district ofTenghory Trans-Gambian in the municipality of Tenghory). These seven districts have a total area of 10.5 km². The population sums up to 44,783 with an annual population growth rate of 2.7%. The average population density is 4,300 people […]

Brandes, K., Schoebitz, L., Nguyen, V.-A., Strande, L. (2016) SFD Report - Hanoi, Vietnam SFD Promotion Initiative

Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, is located in the Northern part of the country in the Red river delta. The urban districts cover an area of 304 km² with an estimated population of 3,147,000 inhabitants. Half of the districts have population densities above 20,000 inhabitants per km² while the other half below 10,000 inhabitants per km². This illustrates the variation between dense urban districts in […]

Luoto, J. E., Levine, D. I., Albert, J. (2011) Information and persuasion - Achieving safe water behaviors in Kenya

Convincing people to adopt preventive health behaviors consistently is difficult, yet many lives could be saved if we understood better how to do so. For example, low-cost point-of-use (POU) technologies such as chlorine and filters can substantially reduce diarrheal disease (Clasen et al. 2006). Nonetheless, they are not widely or consistently used anywhere in the developing world, even when widely available. The authors ran a […]

Luoto, J. E., Levine, D. I. (2014) Mobile phones, rent-to-own payments and water filters - Evidence from Kenya

Uptake of safe water products remains low, in spite of modest cost. We experimented with a sales offer that combined a free trial and rent-to-own payments for durable filters. Purchase rates doubled under this sales offer to 31% compared to a traditional lump-sum sales contract. To lower transaction costs we collected payments using Kenya's vast mobile banking network, MPESA. Mobile repayment rates were low; many […]

Bonnardeaux, D. (2012) Linking biodiversity conservation and water, sanitation, and hygiene: Experiences from sub-Saharan Africa

This white paper is an evidence-based review of how implementers have integrated Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) and freshwater ecosystem conservation to date in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The report takes stock of a selection of experiences from projects taking a more holistic approach to conservation and development.

Edmond, J. et al. (2013) Freshwater conservation and water, sanitation and hygiene integration guidelines: A framework for implementation in sub-Saharan Africa

Recognizing the need to better link freshwater conservation and WASH initiatives, the US Agency for International Development Bureau for Africa-supported Africa Biodiversity Collaborative Group (ABCG) and its member organizations produced guidelines for integrated programming in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this document is to provide guidance health, development and conservation professionals in sub-Saharan Africa on how to plan, coordinate, develop and achieve mutually supported WASH […]

ABCG (2014) ABCG freshwater conservation and WASH monitoring and evaluation framework and indicators Draft

The purpose of this monitoring and evaluation framework is to assess the outcomes of integrated water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and freshwater conservation projects.

Jaatinen, S. T., Palmrotha, M.R.T., Rintalaa, J.A., Tuhkanen, T.A. (2016) The effect of urine storage on antiviral and antibiotic compounds in the liquid phase of source-separated urine

The behaviour of pharmaceuticals related to the human immunodeficiency virus treatment was studied in the liquid phase of source-separated urine during six-month storage at 20°C. Six months is the recommended time for hygienization and use of urine as fertilizer. Compounds were spiked in urine as concentrations calculated to appear in urine. Assays were performed with separate compounds and as therapeutic groups of antivirals, antibiotics and […]

Carvalho Rodrigues, M. C. (2016) SFD – una herramienta para fomentar la programación sostenible del saneamiento urbano (in Spanish) SFD - a tool to promote sustainable urban sanitation programs

Presentación para LATINOSAN: Conferencia Latinoamericana de Saneamiento Contenido: •Introducción SuSanA •Antecedentes en saneamiento urbano •Introducción del enfoque SFDs •La metodología y herramientas •Experiencias con los SFDs •Perspectivas futuras

PRG (2015) Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) helminth tests (Ascaris, Trichuris and Taenia)

Dubois, A. (2014) Case study of sustainable sanitation projects: Combined solid waste management and basic sanitation in Lokossa, Mono region, Benin (in French)

Type de projet: Petite échelle, projet pilote en zone semi-urbaine Période: Démarrage des constructions: Juin 2013 Fin des constructions: Mars 2014 Démarrage des activités : Janvier 2014 Fin du projet: Août 2014 (Coordination terrain de la GIZ) Objectif et motivation du projet: -Contribuer à une gestion améliorée des déchets solides et introduire des solutions d’assainissement écologique dans la Commune de Lokossa. - Développer des activités génératrices de revenus et stimuler le secteur […]