Cave, B., Kolsky, P. (1999) Groundwater, latrines and health

On-site sanitation systems dispose of human excreta, with or without treatment, on the residents' housing plot. Examples include pit latrines and septic tanks with drainage fields. This study reviews the risks to health posed by groundwater contamination from on-site sanitation (particularly latrines). Detailed understanding of groundwater contamination is complicated by a host of factors, broadly grouped into substantial and often unknown variations in subsurface conditions, […]

Drury, D., Rinehold, A. (2015) A practical guide to auditing water safety plans

The water safety plan (WSP) approach is widely recognized as the most reliable and effective way to consistently manage drinking-water supplies to safeguard public health. Since the introduction of WSPs in the third edition of the WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (GDWQ) and the International Water Association (IWA) Bonn Charter for Safe Drinking Water in 2004, a significant number of water suppliers have implemented WSPs […]

Bain, R. et al. (2014) Global assessment of exposure to faecal contamination through drinking water based on a systematic review

Objectives: To estimate exposure to faecal contamination through drinking water as indicated by levels of Escherichia coli (E. coli) or thermotolerant coliform (TTC) in water sources. Methods: We estimated coverage of different types of drinking water source based on household surveys and censuses using multilevel modelling. Coverage data were combined with water Quality studies that assessed E. coli or TTC including those identified by a systematic review (n […]

Lorentz, S., Wickham, B., Still, D. (2015) Investigation into pollution from on-site dry sanitation systems

The impact of onsite sanitation on water resources has been the subject of much study with regard to conventional septic tanks and soak-aways. However, research of impacts from rural and peri-urban communities using pit latrines, particularly in underdeveloped countries, has been unconvincing. With the increase in the extension of sanitation services provided by the South African Government anticipated to result in the establishment of some […]

DWAF (2003) A protocol to manage the potential of groundwater contamination from on site sanitation

Regional WASH Group, West and Central Africa (2015) WASH in Nut Strategy

This regional strategy was developed in 2012 during the nutritional and food crisis in the Sahel. It was updated in 2015. Revised during the 2014 consultation process, it remains an intersectoral guidance strategy that can be adapted to the specific national and local features of each country. French Version: http://www.susana.org/en/resources/library/details/2297

Schubert, T. et al. (2012) The worldwide adventures of Droppy

This comic introduces children to water and the environment. The little waterdrop called "Droppy" gets itself into adventures which give the reader an indea of the water cycle, wasting water, water pollution and others. It gives special attention to groundwater. Although these stories are happening in different cultural regions in this comic, these are problems which are happening daily in many parts of our world. We […]

Moore, C. et al. (2010) Guidelines for separation distances based on virus transport between on-site domestic wastewater systems and wells

The discharge of domestic wastewater to ground and the proximate abstraction of groundwater for domestic purposes can contaminate drinking water. Regional councils need to consider these situations when implementing the National Environmental Standard (NES) for Sources of Human Drinking Water (NZ Government, 2007). Separation distances between wastewater discharges and groundwater abstractions must be established to reduce the likelihood of contamination. Some regional councils have specified […]

Jay P. Graham, J. P., Polizzotto, M. L. (2013) Pit latrines and their impacts on groundwater quality: a systematic review A systematic review

Background: Pit latrines are one of the most common human excreta disposal systems in low-income countries, and their use is on the rise as countries aim to meet the sanitation-related target of the Millennium Development Goals. There is concern, however, that discharges of chemical and microbial contaminants from pit latrines to groundwater may negatively affect human health. Objectives: Our goals were to a) calculate global pit […]

Pahlenberg, L., Weimann-Koinzack, C. (2015) Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH) and Nutrition Relevance of WASH interventions in reducing undernutrition

In recent years, there has been growing scientifc evidence implying a close link between the lack of WASH and stunting. Stunting, which means low height for age can be a marker of a whole range of developmental setbacks of children including cognitive impairment.

Bebe Kambou, H. et al. (2015) Situation de référence en assainissement, approvisionnement en eau potable et hygiène dans les quartiers non lotis et périphériques de la commune de Ouagadougou (in French) Baseline situation in sanitation, the supply of drinking water and hygiene in undeveloped areas and peripheries in the commune of Ouagadougou

La situation de l’assainissement et de l’approvisionnement en eau potable des quartiers non lotis et périphériques des communes urbaines du Burkina Faso n’est pas suffisamment connue et rend difficile la planification des différents programmes et projets dans ces zones. En effet, il n’existe pas pour le moment d’informations précises sur l’AEPA des populations vivant dans ces zones. Pour remédier à cette insuffisance au niveau de […]

Lorentz, S., Wickham, B., Still, D. (2015) Investigation into Pollution from On-Site Dry Sanitation Systems

Various Authors (2016) SuSanA Practitioner's Tool - Design Tools for Engineers

Design Tools for Engineers for wastewater treatment to be used in conjunction with SuSanA's Practitioner's Tool (see link below).

Werchota, R., Nordmann, D. (2015) Using the Water Kiosk to Increase Access to Water for the Urban Poor in Kenya

Bain, R. et al. (2014) Global assessment of exposure to faecal contamination

Various authors (2016) Equipment and health and safety modifications required for developing the capacity to support grantees field-testing in Durban, SA Various documents on results from research grant

This library entry contains background documents for a grant that Chris Buckley is leading and which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Further information is also available on the SuSanA discussion forum, see link below. Short description of the project: The grant was awarded to the Pollution Research Group (PRG) at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in order to increase the capacity of the PRG to […]

Spears, D., Haddad, L. (2015) The Power of WASH - Why Sanitation Matters for Nutrition

Water, sanitation, and hygiene can have a profound effect on health and nutrition. A growing base of evidence on the link between sanitation, child height, and well-being has come at an opportune time, when the issue of sanitation and nutrition in developing countries has moved to the top of the post-2015 development agenda.

Rohilla, S.K., Luthra, B., Varma, R.S., Padhi, S.K., Yadav, A. (2016) SFD Report - Delhi, India SFD Promotion Initiative

Delhi is the capital of India. It is officially known as the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi. The population of NCT of Delhi as per the Census 2011 is 16,787,941. The density of city is 11,320 persons per […]

GIZ (2015) Waste emptying, collection and transport Technical drawings and further documents developed in the context of GIZ’s Water Sector Reform Programme

The following documents focus on waste emptying, collection and transport and were all developed in the context of GIZ’s Water Sector Reform Programme in Kenya. You will find the following documents for download here: - Technical drawing of 3 wheeler unit for the transportation of dry human excreta waste

Oxfam (2016) Septage Management Leader’s Guidebook Philippines Edition

The Septage Management Leader’s Guidebook, is a product of Oxfam through their program to improve sanitation in the super typhoon Haiyan devastation area of the central Philippines. The Manual presents a step-by-step strategy for scaling up septage management services more widely. The “Quick Start Guide” and the tools and checklists at the beginning of each step are designed to make the manual useful to anyone […]